Lymphoedema is a chronic condition where parts of the body are subject to persistent and/or intermittent swelling, most commonly in the Arms or Legs.

This condition effects 4 in every 1000 people, in the UK.

What is the Lymphatic System? The body's drainage system that carries fluids (lymph) containing infection-fighting, white blood cells through the body to help rid of toxins. It is made up of lots of lymph nodes and vessels in a 'web-like' structure and works in conjunction with the vascular system. The lymphatic system helps filter out bacteria and germs, and helps restore healthy fluids through the bloodstream.

What causes Lymphoedema? It is where the Lymphatic System fails to work effectively.

There are 2 types of Lymphoedema, Primary and Secondary:

Primary Lymphoedema is an abnormality with the Lymphatic System, this is usually hereditary or present from birth, where problems may not arise until later.

Secondary Lymphoedema is when there has been damage to a healthy Lymphatic System, such as node removal, damage or trauma from radiological treaments (such as that during Cancer treatments).

Lymphoedema can occur when the flow of lymph fluid to the vessels is hindered or when there is an excess of fluid, over and above what is normal to flow through the lymphatic system, which results in a build up of fluid in the subcutaneous tissues under the surface of the skin.

Symptoms of Lymphoedema Swelling, aching, heavy/full feeling, tight skin, harder skin, folds appearing in skin, skin infections, skin growths, weak feeling limb or more difficult to move, 'leaky legs' fluid leaks through skin. See your GP if you experience any of these symptoms.

Pitting: Press your fingers onto your limb for 20 seconds, if the imprint remains it's a good sign that you may have Lymphoedema.

Consequences of chronic oedema and Lymphoedema include predisposition to infection, skin changes, tissue changes and of course, swelling. Not only does this impact on a persons physical state, but it can also effect their emotional and psychological well being.

Treatment There is no cure for this condition, but symptoms can be managed by manual lymph drainage massage, using compression garments & skin emollients, along with maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

Reducing Risk of Lymphoedema

Avoid infection to the 'at-risk' limb. Any break in the skin is a gateway for infection, so best to use non-affected limb for blood draws and shots. keep the skin clean and if a cut or scratch should develop, treat it with antibacterial ointment and cover with a plaster or bandage.Be vigilant when gardening, playing sports or taking part in activities that may result in injury to the skin.

It may sound like common sense, but you should also avoid burns, as this will trigger an immune response that will also start up a Lymphoedema flare. Take care when cooking and wear sunscreen when spending time outdoors. Additionally to this, try and reduce your exposure to heat, no saunas, hot tubs or hot baths and showers, as this may increase swelling.Take precaution when exercising during warmer periods.

Avoid constrictions, such as tight fitting clothes, jewellery, watches and blood pressure cuffs on your affected limb, as this will produce a 'tourniquet' effect, restricting the flow of your lymphatic drainage. You need to be helping it, not hindering it.

Use compression garments, such as socks or arm sleeves, when you travel by air. The cabin pressure can agitate the affected limb and swell.

Stay hydrated and maintain a healthy diet. It is safe to exercise when you're at risk of Lymphoedema, but if you wear a compression garment during exercise, you will reduce the chances of swelling from occurring. You may need to opt for more gentler types of sporting activities, such as yoga or just adjust the intensity of your favourite activity, but speak with your Doctor or Lymphoedema Nurse to get advice on this. Just remember exercise can positively impact the physical and mental health, so it's worth investigating if you do not already particiate in a regular activity.

Psychological Well Being Lymphoedema can cause physical changes to the body, which some may find quite distressing, impacting on self-esteem and everyday activities that can then lead to depression. If you are experiencing any effects on your psychological well being, please know that you are not alone and help is available.

Lymphoedema Support and Advice:

The British Lymphology Society - https://www.thebls.com/

Lymphoedema Support Network - https://www.lymphoedema.org/

National Health Service - https://www.nhs.uk/

Mind - https://www.mind.org.uk/